Thursday, December 25, 2008

Location of Bogra

Loation of Bogra
Bogra District (rajshahi division) with an area of 2919.9 sq km, bounded by joypurhat and gaibandha districts on the north, the chalan beel, natore and sirajganj districts on the south, jamuna river and jamalpur district on the east, Part of Chalan Beel, naogaon and Natore districts on the west. Main rivers: karatoya, nagar, Bangali, ichamati. Notable Beels are Betgari, Kaigari, Subeel, Nuruler Beel, Poradaha Beel, Keshpathar, Kalidaha, Padma, Sattarail, Garai, Arulia Demradaha, Sara, Gobarchapa, Mahichbaran, Ziadaha, Ramchandrapur, Kokira, Bahuar Beel, Kachiar Beel. Adamdighi, Sangshar, Badla, Sil Kawrer Dighi, Shahar Dighi, Kuldighi, Khadash Dighi are also notable water bodies. Annual average temperature maximum 34.6° C and minimum 11.9° C; annual total rainfall 1610 mm.Bogra (Town) founded in 1850 consists of 12 wards and 46 mahallas. Bogra municipality was established in 1884. It has an area of 18.85 sq km. The town has a population of 150138; male 52.37%, female 47.63%. Literacy rate among the town people is 63%. Bogra is known as the industrial city of the North Bengal. Constructions of the bangabandhu jamuna multipurpose bridge had enhanced all kinds of trade and commerce in Bogra. The town is famous for its cultural activities.
Administration Bogra district was established in 1821 consisting of 9 thanas, of which four from Rajshahi district (Adamdighi, Bogra, Sherpur, Nawkhila), 3 from Dinajpur district (Lalbazar, Badalgachhi, Khetlal), and two from Rangpur district (Gobindaganj, Dewanganj). In 1983 Bogra district was divided into two districts (Bogra and Joypurhat). Bogra district consists of 5 municipalities, 48 wards, 166 mahallas, 11 upazilas, 109 union parishads, 1782 mouzas and 2706 villages. The upazilas are adamdighi, bogra sadar, dhunat, dupchanchia, gabtali, kahaloo, nandigram, sariakandi, sherpur, shibganj, sonatola.
Archaeological heritage Kherua Mosque at Sherpur, remnants of the historical mahasthangarh, Bara Masjid, Mazar (tomb) of Shah Sultan Balkhi, Gokul Medh, Parshuram's Palace, Vasu Vihara.Historical events Mahasthangarh (pundranagara), located 10 km to the north of Bogra town, was the capital of pundravardhana. During the 4th to 8th century BC this region was ruled by various dynasties. From the middle of 8th century it went under Pala rule that continued till 12th century. Sena King vijayasena conquered the region defeating the last Pala King madanpala. Bogra came under the Muslim rule after bakhtiyar khalji conquered Nadia. In 1281-1290 AD, Sultan Nasiruddin Bagra Khan, the second son of the emperor of Delhi Sultan ghiyasuddin balban became the ruler of Bengal. Bogra was named after him. The anti British Fakir-Sannyasi movement spread over Bogra region since the early British rule. The leader of the fakirs majnu shah had direct encounters with the British. The Indigo Rebellion spread over Bogra in mid 19th century.
Marks of War of Liberation Mass graves at Sonatola and Dhunat upazilas; memorial monument: Kahaloo High School compound, Adamdighi Burning Ghat and Dhunat.Religious institutions Mosque 4102, temple 372, church 3, Jain Temple 1, sacred place 2.
Population 2988567; male 50.84%, female 49.16%; Muslim 91%, Hindu and others 9%.
Literacy and educational institutions Average literacy 28.4%; male 35.4%, female 21%. Educational institutions: college 44, secondary school 299, junior high school 85, primary school 1363, madrasa 329, medical college 1, teacher's training college 2, vocational teacher's training institute 1, polytechnic institute 1, primary teacher's training institute 2, technical training centre 1, ntrams 1, law college 1, art college 1, agricultural training institute 1. Noted educational institutions: Sondabari Darul Hadis Rahmania Madrasa (1700), Bogra Zila School (1853), Bogra Government Girl's High School (1869), Kahaloo High School (1873), Nawkhila Government Primary School (1901), Devdanga Government Primary School (1903), Chagaldhara Government Primary School (1904), Sariakandi Government Model Primary School (1905), Hatfulbari Government Primary School (1905), Kajla Government Primary School (1905), Sonatola Pilot High School (1908), Bogra Coronation Institute (1911), Adamdighi High School (1918), Dupchachia Pilot High School (1923), Mostafabia Government Alia Madrasa (1925), English High School (1929), Shibganj Pilot High School (1931), Dupchanchia Girl's Pilot High School (1944), azizul huq college (1939).
Newspapers and periodicals Daily Karatoya, Daily Satmatha, Daily Durjoy Bangla, Daily Azad O Aagamikal, Daily Chandnibazar, Weekly Aajker Sherpur, and Pancha Nadir Teere, Weekly Natun, Durjoy Sahittya, Tarunnya; extinct or nearly extinct- Daily Uttaranchal, Daily Uttarvarta, Daily Muktabarta, Sonatola Batra and Brittya.Cultural organisation Public library 27, club 491, cinema hall 37, press club 4, Shilpakala academy 1, playground 150. Mahasthan Museum is notable.
Main occupations Agriculture 45.8%, agricultural labour 21.09%, wage labour 1.92%, commerce 12.21%, service 6.29%, transport 2.72%, others 9.97%.
Land use Arable land 227535 hectares, forest land 299 hectares, fallow land 76793 hectares; single crop 10.31%, double crop 68.87% and treble crop land 20.82%. High land 37.02%, middle 48.72% and low land 14.26%. Cultivable land under irrigation 88.09%.Land control Among the peasants 19.82% are landless, 15.1% marginal, 16.8% small peasants, 43.64% intermediate, and 4.64%. rich.
Main crops Aush, aman, boro rice; jute, wheat, potato, mustard, pepper, vegetables, banana, sugarcane and betel leaf.Extinct and nearly extinct crops Indigo is entirely extinct; kaun (Italian millet) and red aush paddy are nearly extinct.Main fruits Mango, jackfruit, guava, blackberry, custard apple, Indian palm, papaya, pineapple, banana, coconut, wood apple, litchi, wild jackfruit, date palm, tamarind, lemon betel nut.Fisheries, dairies, poultries Fishery 565, dairy 207, poultry 378, hatchery 54, livestock promotion centre 27, artificial breading centre 1.
Communication facilities Roads: pucca 325 km, semi pucca 354 km; railway 81 km.
Traditional transport Palanquin, Dol, horse carriage, bullock cart. These means of transport are extinct or nearly extinct.Manufactories Cotton spinning mill, cold storage, garments industry, ceramic industry, match factory, iron and steel industry, rice mill, flour mill, ice-cream & ice factory, bidi factory, soap factory, oil mill, saw mill, leather industry, hurricane (lamp) factory.Cottage industries Weaving 968, bamboo & cane work 1205, goldsmith 442, blacksmith 459, potteries 1436, wood work 930, tailoring 1805, welding 325, embroidery 39. There are also some cocoon producing centres in Bogra.
Hats, bazars and fairs Total number of Hats and bazars are 338, fairs 42.
Main exports Ceramic goods, rice, vegetable, turmeric, ginger.NGO activities brac, asa, nijera kari, thengamara mahila sabuj sangha (TMSS), Biss, YMCA, World Vision.
Health centres Medical college hospital 1, district sadar hospital 1, railway hospital 1, upazila health centre 11, health and family welfare centre 58, maternity and child care centre 17, satellite clinic 13, TB hospital 1, diabetic hospital 1, eye hospital 1, leprosy control hospital 1, charitable dispensary 29, mission hospital 1, veterinary hospital 11.

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